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Hàn Phi Tử - The (Chinese) Art of Governance

Original Title in Chinese by Author Han Fei (280-233 B.C)

Vietnamese Translation: Hàn Phi Tử

Source: Doanh Tri Library, Lê Tuân

About the Author and the Book:

Tác phẩm để lại cho hậu thế những bài học về “phép làm vua” và “thuật trị nước” mang giá trị đương đại sâu sắc.

“Hàn Phi Tử” của Hàn Phi là “cuốn sách giáo khoa dạy làm vua” độc đáo, mang đậm dấu ấn của chế độ phong kiến phương Đông.

Chén thuốc độc và kiệt tác để đời

Hàn Phi (280-233 trước công nguyên) là công tử nước Hàn, là con vua nhưng không phải người thừa kế ngai vàng. Hoàn cảnh đó giúp ông thấu hiểu các quan hệ giữa vua tôi và cách trị nước. Thầy học của Hàn Phi là Tuân Tử - học giả lớn nhất thời bấy giờ.

Khi Tần Thủy Hoàng sắp cất quân đánh Hàn, Hàn Phi được cử làm sứ giả sang nước Tần với nhiệm vụ cứu nước Hàn khỏi họa diệt vong. Nhưng ông sang Tần không phải để sống, mà là để chết.

Lý Tư, một bạn học của Hàn Phi, cũng là một quân sư của Tần Thủy Hoàng, đã dùng mưu hãm hại Hàn Phi. Hàn Phi bị giam vào ngục, sau đó được vua Tần ra lệnh trả tự do vì phục tài ông, nhưng Lý Tư quyết tâm hại bạn đến cùng, bắt ông uống thuốc độc chết trong ngục để trừ khử “con người giỏi nhất về chính trị thời đại” lúc đó.

Hàn Phi đón nhận cái chết thế nào cũng đến với kẻ sĩ biết đề cao pháp luật và thuật trị nước. Ông gửi tất cả tâm hồn và tinh lực vào tác phẩm Hàn Phi Tử mà ông tin là sẽ sống mãi với đời.

Khi đọc tác phẩm này, Tần Thủy Hoàng thốt lên thán phục: “Ta được làm bạn với con người này thì có chết cũng không uổng!”.

Thay “đức trị” bằng “pháp trị”

Trong bối cảnh phức tạp nhiều biến động lúc bấy giờ, các học thuyết như Lão gia, Nho gia… đã không giúp được xã hội thoát khỏi tình trạng rối loạn và suy sụp vì tính không tưởng và không có khả năng đáp ứng yêu cầu thời cuộc. Đạo đức và tình thương không đủ sức mạnh để lập lại trật tự xã hội.

Với tác phẩm Hàn Phi Tử, Hàn Phi đã chính thức khai sinh học thuyết pháp trị của phương Đông, đồng thời đưa ra lời giải cho bài toán lịch sử hóc búa. Hàn Phi đã kết hợp các yếu tố “thuật”, “thế”, “pháp” của Thân Bất Hại, Thận Đáo, Thương Ưởng, hoàn thiện tư tưởng pháp trị của các bậc tiền bối đã khai sinh ra nó là Quản Trọng và Tử Sản để xây dựng thành học thuyết chính trị độc lập.

Nội dung cốt lõi của học thuyết pháp trị là đề cao pháp luật với tư cách là công cụ quan trọng nhất, hữu hiệu nhất trong việc bình ổn xã hội. “Cái làm cho trị an là pháp luật, cái gây ra loạn là sự riêng tư. Pháp luật đã thiết lập rồi thì không ai có thể làm điều riêng tư được nữa”.

Hàn Phi khẳng định, việc trị nước, quản dân không thể dựa theo lễ nghi truyền thống mà phải được thực hiện trên cơ sở những đạo luật cụ thể và chặt chẽ. Bởi lẽ, “…pháp luật không hùa theo người sang… Khi đã thi hành pháp luật thì kẻ khôn cũng không thể từ, kẻ dũng cũng không dám tranh. Trừng trị cái sai không tránh kẻ đại thần, thưởng cái đúng không bỏ sót kẻ thất phu…”.

Pháp trị là học thuyết duy nhất có sự kế thừa, hàm chứa những yếu tố của những học thuyết khác nhiều nhất, nhờ đó tạo ra một phương thức giải quyết vững chắc, toàn vẹn và thực tế nhất trong vấn đề trị quốc: Lễ nghĩa, danh phận của Nho gia được cụ thể hóa trong pháp luật; Vô vi của Lão gia được chuyển hóa thành quan hệ biện chứng vô vi - hữu vi; Kiêm ái của Mặc gia tuy là nội dung yếm thế nhất của học thuyết pháp trị, nhưng Hàn Phi vẫn coi đây là mục đích cuối cùng của pháp luật.

Nhờ học thuyết pháp trị, Tần Thủy Hoàng đã chấm dứt cục diện bách gia phân tranh thời tiên Tần, thống nhất Trung Quốc và xây dựng chế độ quân chủ chuyên chế trung ương tập quyền đầu tiên tại Trung Quốc.

Mặc dù vậy, cần phải thấy rằng, pháp luật mà Hàn Phi đề cao là thứ pháp luật hà khắc, tàn bạo, khác xa với pháp luật ngày nay; con người phải vì pháp luật, chứ pháp luật không vì con người; mặt khác, pháp luật dù ở vị trí thượng tôn, trên muôn dân, nhưng lại dưới một người (nhà vua). Đó là hạn chế của học thuyết Pháp trị.

Bài học cho kẻ làm vua

Xuyên suốt 40 quyển của bộ Hàn Phi Tử, bên cạnh việc chứng minh hiệu lực tối ưu của pháp luật trong việc trị nước bằng những câu chuyện sinh động, Hàn Phi còn đưa ra rất nhiều lời khuyên có giá trị cho bậc quân vương.

Để giữ yên ngai vàng, Hàn Phi khuyên nhà vua phải biết giữ mình. “Nhà vua chớ để lộ cho người ta biết mình muốn gì, vì nếu nhà vua để lộ cho người ta biết mình muốn gì thì bọn bầy tôi thế nào cũng tô vẽ. Nhà vua chớ để lộ ý của mình, vì nếu nhà vua để lộ ý của mình thì bọn bầy tôi thế nào cũng biểu lộ cái khác với bản tính của họ”.

Làm được như vậy thì: “Nhà vua không giỏi mà làm thầy những người giỏi, không khôn ngoan mà làm chuẩn mực cho sự khôn ngoan. Bầy tôi phải vất vả mà nhà vua hưởng sự thành công”.

Để dựng nước và giữ nước, bậc làm vua phải biết sử dụng thứ công cụ “vạn năng” là pháp luật. “Phải dựa vào cái khiến cho những người nhát có thể chinh phục được con hổ và cái làm cho vị vua tầm thường có thể gìn giữ nước. Đó chính là pháp luật. Lo cái kế trung cho vị vua chúa, kế đức với thiên hạ thì cái lợi không gì lâu dài hơn pháp luật”.

Nhà vua cũng phải biết cách dùng người, dụng nhân như dụng mộc, tập hợp quanh mình bầy tôi giỏi để có thể trị quốc an dân. “Kẻ làm vua chúa nếu có thể bỏ được cái điều mà người giỏi cũng không làm được để giữ lấy cái mà người vụng làm vạn điều không sai một thì sức người dùng được hết mà công danh được xác lập”.

Một trong những bài học quan trọng nhất đối với bậc quân vương là phải hiểu được lòng dân. Hàn Phi chỉ rõ: “phàm việc nước thì điều phải lo trước tiên là thống nhất lòng dân, nếu không nước tắc loạn”. Hiểu rõ bản tính của dân, từ đó có cách cai trị thích hợp để nước thịnh dân an, đó là cái gốc của nghiệp vương vậy.

Làm vua không đã khó, trở thành vị vua giỏi còn khó hơn nhiều. Hàn Phi đúc kết rằng, phần nhiều những kẻ lập quốc dùng dân, có thể ngăn chặn ảnh hưởng của bên ngoài, khống chế cái riêng tư của bề tôi, “làm vương” được, xét đến cùng, đều tự nhờ cậy vào sức mình là chính.

Học giả Nguyễn Hiến Lê đã đánh giá tác phẩm “Hàn Phi Tử” của Hàn Phi còn cao hơn cả “Quân vương” của Nicolò Machiavelli cả về tư tưởng lẫn bút pháp. Hai cuốn sách của hai bậc thầy tư tưởng vĩ đại, một của phương Đông và một của phương Tây, tuy nội dung khác nhau, nhưng đều để lại cho hậu thế những bài học về “phép làm vua” và “thuật trị nước” mang giá trị đương đại sâu sắc.

French translation by Anh Tho Andres @YourVietnamExpert.com 

English translation by Cuong Phan, Kim Hoang, Bich Hong, Bao Han, Anh Tho

German translation by Han Dang-Klein 

Italian translation by Phan Cong Danh 

Japanese translation by Hong Anh 

Complementary information from Wikipedia.org

Han Fei

This is a Chinese name; the family name is Han (韓).

Han Fei (also Han Fei Zi) (Chinese: 韓非; pinyin: Hán Fēi; Wade–Giles: Han Fei) (ca. 280 BC – 233 BC) was a Chinese philosopher who, along with Li Si, Gongsun Yang, Shen Dao and Shen Buhai, developed the doctrine of the School of Law or Legalism. Unlike the other famed philosophers of the time, Han Fei was a member of the ruling aristocracy, having been born into the ruling family of the state of Han during the end phase of the Warring States Period. In this context, his works have been interpreted by some scholars as being directed to his cousin, the King of Han.^[1]

 

Legalism

Main article: Legalism (Chinese philosophy)

Han Fei's philosophy, called Legalism, centered on the ruler. In his philosophy, the ruler firmly controls the state with the help of three concepts: his position of power (勢, Shì); certain techniques (術, Shù), and laws (法, Fǎ). Legalism assumes that everyone acts according to one principle: avoiding punishment while simultaneously trying to achieve gains. Thus, the law must severely punish any unwanted action, while at the same time reward those who follow it. (compare: Legalism) Legalism is perhaps the harshest philosophy. Han Fei believed human nature is evil and people should be punished according to their actions.
Legalism synthesised the ideas of Shang Yang, Shen Buhai, and Shen Dao. He borrowed Shang Yang's emphasis on laws, Shen Buhai's emphasis on techniques, and Shen Dao's ideas on authority and prophecy.
Simply put, legalism posits that because people are inclined to act badly, society needs strict laws and very harsh punishments. This necessitates what some would term "rule by fear."

Comparison with Confucianism and Taoism

Apart from the Confucianist Xun Zi, who was his and Li Si's teacher, the other main source for his political theories was Lao Zi's Daoist work, the Tao Te Ching, which he interpreted as a political text, and on which he wrote a commentary (chapters 20 and 21 in his book, Han Feizi). He saw the Tao as a natural law that everyone and everything was forced to follow. Parallel to this, he believed that an ideal ruler made laws, like an inevitable force of nature, that the people could not resist.
His philosophy was very influential on the first King of Qin and the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, becoming one of the guiding principles of the ruler's policies. After the early demise of the Qin Dynasty, Han Fei's philosophy was officially vilified by the following Han Dynasty. Despite its outcast status throughout the history of imperial China, Han Fei's political theory continued to heavily influence every dynasty afterwards, and the Confucian ideal of a rule without laws was never again realized.
Han Fei's philosophy experienced a renewed interest under the rule of the Communist Party during the leadership of Mao Zedong, who personally admired some of the principles laid out in it.^{[citation needed]}
Han Fei's entire recorded work is collected in the Han Feizi, a book containing 55 chapters. It is also important as the only surviving source^{[citation needed]} for numerous anecdotes from the Warring States Period.

Notes

1. ^ Watson, Burton, Han Fei Tzu: Basic Writings. 1964, p. 2. The king in question is believed to be either King An (238–230 BC) or his predecessor, King Huan-Hui (272–239 BC).

About YourVietbooks.com

YourVietBooks is a collection of books on Vietnam for Readers who are interested in Vietnam's History, Culture, Language, Economy, or Business. Most titles are in English, but some are only available in French or Vietnamese. We can provide interested parties an accurate translation of some parts of the books for your research purposes. Translations are done by YourVietnamExpert's qualified and experienced translators. contact@yourvietnamexpert.com

Le Petit Livre du Zen, Un guide pour vivre instant par instant

Original Title in English: Simple Zen, a guide to living moment by moment

By Authors C. Alexander & Annellen Simpkins

Publishers: Tuttle Publishing House, Boston MA

French Version translated by Michelle Lecoeur

Editions La Table Rond, Paris (2000)

ISBN : 2710309262

Propos de l'Auteur:

Quand vous suivez

la voie du zen

A travers l'action,

avec le coeur

Les mondes chaotiques

de discorde

Sont une vraie symphonie

(C. Alexander Simpkins)

Psychologues, C. Alexander & Annellen Simpkins enseignent la méditation. On trouvera, des mêmes auteurs, dans la même collection, 'Le Petit Livre du Tao'.

About the book:

Vous trouverez dans ce livre 

• une introduction claire et accessible au bouddhism zen, son histoire et ses origines; 
• des conseils et des exercices simples pour la pratique du zen: la méditation, la poésie et les arts.

Introduction

Le bouddhisme zen est un moyen dynamique d'améliorer l'existence. La vie moderne mobilisant toute notre attention, il nous reste généralement peu de temps à consacrer à autre chose. L'intérêt du zen tient au fait qu'il peut nous aider à développer le calme intérieur, nous permettant ainsi de mieux vivre, même au milieu d'un monde agité. Il n'est pas nécessaire de prendre du temps pour pratiquer le zen - il nous accompagne tout le temps et enrichit le moindre de nos actes.

Le zen vous ramène à votre vie intérieure, illuminant votre vraie nature. Plus vous deviendrez un adepte de la méditation zen, plus elle s'intégrera dans votre vie, que ce soit pendant votre travail ou vos loisirs.

Content

Première partie:

Le Zen dans le temps (Les origines, zen en Chine et en Corée, au Japon, dans l'âge moderne);

Deuxième partie:

Les thèmes Zen (Vers l'éveil de soi-même, la vacuité, mode de vie correct, accomplissement de la sagesse);

Troisième partie:

Vivre le Zen (méditation, arts, ikeban, Cha-no-yu, poésie, calligraphie Sumi-e, arts martiaux, psychothérapie)

Bibliographie

Conclusion

La forme du zen s'est toujours modifiée en fonction de la culture qui l'adoptait. De son côté, le zen a changé la forme de la culture. Les Chinois ont interprété le bouddhisme indien à l'aide de leur passé taoiste et confucianiste pour finalement créer le zen. Les Japonais, trouvant le zen utile, l'ont transformé en une expression pratique de leur esprit artistique. Nous, le Occidentaux, pouvons harmoniser le zen avec notre individualité, partie de l'unité.

Le zen est aussi illimité qu'il est sans forme. La forme est le vide, le vide est la forme. Le vide a un grand potential, découvert à travers la méditation. La méditation enrichit votre esprit intérieur, vous aide à atteindre votre potentiel dans la perspective de l'éveil.

A travers la méditation, la somme et la substance du zen, vous apprenez à vous accorder à votre nature intuitive, à ne faire qu'un avec votre vie. Les arts zen offrent un moyen de pratiquer le zen à travers une implication active. Par la méditation, vous devenez conscient en vous immergeant dans toutes vos actions. Cette façon d'aborder votre art devient votre façon de vire une vie éclairée.

Engagez-vous pleinement dans votre vie et vos talents pourront développer tout leur potential. Recréez votre vie quotidienne dans tout ce que vous sentez et faites. Vous obtiendrez plus en vivant simplement zen, instant par instant!

Même si le chemin sans carte tourne encore et encore,

Vos pas seront de plus en plus sûrs

Dans le vase inconnnu, avec le potentiel de l'esprit.

(C. Alexander Simpkins)

Merci à Natalie d'avoir été là dans mes moments difficiles. Anh Tho

French translation by Michelle Lecoeur

Vietnamese translation by Cuong Phan, Kim Hoang, Bich Hong, Bao Han 

German translation by Han Dang-Klein 

Italian translation by Phan Cong Danh 

Japanese translation by Hong Anh 

About YourVietbooks.com

YourVietBooks is a collection of books on Vietnam for Readers who are interested in Vietnam's History, Culture, Language, Economy, or Business. Most titles are in English, but some are only available in French or Vietnamese. We can provide interested parties an accurate translation of some parts of the books for your research purposes. Translations are done by YourVietnamExpert's qualified and experienced translators. contact@yourvietnamexpert.com

Dhammapada, A Practical Guide to Right Living

Original Title in Pali

Translated by Venerable Acharya Buddharakkhita

Reprinted by Kong Meng San Phor Kark See Monastery (Singapore)

Publised for Free Distribution by Sukhihotu (Malaysia) : The free publication has been made possible trhough the contributions of generous donors.Email: sukhihotu@quantrum.com.my

This book is offered with the humble wish that it may be a guide to your life. 

May you read it then - again and again; reflect and ponder over the words of the Buddha; investigate and put His principles into practice and see if it works.

"As the wise lest gold by burning, cutting and rubbing it on a piece of touchstone, so are you to accept my words after examining them and not merely out of regard for me" - the Buddha.

Backcover by Venerable Acharya Buddharakkhita

"Hatred never ceases through hatred. Only through love does it cease". This and many other beautiful teachings of the Buddha can be found in the Dhammapada.

"The way to end sufferings it not to increase cravings and desires but to reduce and eliminate them".

"The worst of all taints is the taint of ignorance".

"Purify the mind".

Profound wisdom and messages for a confused world, the Dhammapada, which enshrines the spirit of the Buddha's teachings, is a book for all time, a book to be cherished and loved. 

May it be a light to your life!

The Translator Venerable Acharya Buddharakkhita is an Indian monk, meditation teacher and scholar, who is firmly committed to walking the Buddha's path.

Preface by Venerable Acharya Buddharakkhita

The Dhammapada, an anthology of four hundred and twenty-three verses, compiled approximately six hundred hundred years before Christ, belongs to the Khuddaka Nikaya ("Compact Collection") of the sacred Buddhist scripture, the Tipitaka. Handed down in the Pali language, in which the Buddha spoke, the Tipitaka (lit., "Three Baskets" has preserved the original teachings of the Englightened One.

The Buddha enunciated his Dhamma (Teachings) in two different forms. Though distinct, they ultimately converge in the unfolding of insight into the realities of existence and the Beyond. One approach was in philosophical terms, incisive and analytical. The other took the form of discourses in simple, direct language intelligible to the masses, and often precipitated by a specific question or incident. It is from this body of material that the Dhammapada was compiled. Each verse was prompted by a particular episode, accounts of which are preserved in the Dhammapada Atthakatha, one of the commentaries of the Pali canon.

What the Gita is to Hindus, the Bible to Christendom and the Koran to Islamic people, the Dhammapada is to the Buddhist world. For the simple and unsophisticated, it is a sympathetic counsellor; for the intellectually overburdened its clear and direct teachings inspire humility and relfection; for the earnest seeker, it is a perennial source of inspiration. 

Insights that flashed into the heart of the Buddha have crystallized into these luminous verses of pure wisdom. As profound expressions of practical spirituality, each verse is a guideline to right living. The Buddha unambiguously pointed out that whoever earnestly practices the verses of the Dhammapada would taste the bliss of emancipation.

In preparing this volume, I have had access to numerous editions and translations in various languages, including Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Sinhalese, Burmese and Nepali. While consulting a number of English editions, it was observed that the renderings were often either too free and inaccurate or too pedantic. It was therefore felt that a new edition of the Dhammapada, avoiding these too extremes, would be beneficial to readers.

There are editions of the Dhammapada by noted scholars such as Max Muller and Dr S Radhakrishnan. However, the teachings of the Buddha inevitably suffer some distortion when presented from a non Buddhist frame of reference. Erroneous ideas have sometimes resulted from an unfortunate selection of words in translation, and foot-notes have at times been judgmental. The present translation by a praciticing follower of the Buddha is a humble effort to transmit the spirit and content as well as the language and style of the original teachings.

Where a few of the verses are conundrums or contain analogies not immediately evident to the reader, the meanings are provided either in parenthesis or notes. For interpretation, I have relied on the classic 5th century A.D. commentary by Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa, the great Buddhist savant.

The Pali literature is a veritable storehouse of knowledge. It includes not only the Buddhist scriptures but also commentarial literature and independent treatises containing rich material on the science of mind, medicine, the history and geography of ancient India and surrounding countries, literature, poetics, prosody, the prevalent technology and civics, sports, martial arts, etc.

Students of psychology, sociology, anthropology and cosmology will find the Pali literature a mine of source-material for their disciplines. It is to be noted that much of Asia, particularly Burma, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam, built distinctive civilizations inspired by the Pali tradition.

I am grateful to Upasika Karunamma, an esteemed American pupil, for the most devoted service and help in going through the manuscript and suggesting improvements. Without her unreserved help, this edition would never have materialized.

In grateful memory of my teachers, parents and relatives, departed and living, I humbly make an offering of the Punya (spiritual merit) accruing from the effort of preparing this work. May they attain Nibbana!

May all beings be happy!

Ven. Acharya Buddharakkhita

Maha Bodhi Ashram, Bangalore, India

16 October, 1986.

Podcasts on Dhammapada, translated version by Gil Frondal can be downloaded under Zencast.org. With many thanks to Gil Frondal, my spiritual guide to re-discover Buddhism for many years. Anh Tho Andres

French translation by Anh Tho Andres @YourVietnamExpert.com 

Vietnamese translation by Cuong Phan, Kim Hoang, Bich Hong, Bao Han 

German translation by Han Dang-Klein 

Italian translation by Phan Cong Danh 

Japanese translation by Hong Anh 

About YourVietbooks.com

YourVietBooks is a collection of books on Vietnam for Readers who are interested in Vietnam's History, Culture, Language, Economy, or Business. Most titles are in English, but some are only available in French or Vietnamese. We can provide interested parties an accurate translation of some parts of the books for your research purposes. Translations are done by YourVietnamExpert's qualified and experienced translators. contact@yourvietnamexpert.com

TED: Ideas Worth Spreading - One word of advice

If you could pass on your life's experience to new generations in a single sentence, what would you say? 


Inititiated by Luis Alberto on LinkedIN
Collected by Anh Tho Andres
Contributors: Many

Don't let anyone stop you from being who you really are... You are the way you are for a purpose - fulfill your destiny!

Learn every day and live in present

Learn from the past, plan for the future and live in the now.

"Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow." - Albert Einstein

Look for the positive things in life; they are everywhere.

Nothing is impossible if you really set your mind to it, be open to feedback and learning, always keep your promises, be honest with people.

You'll never regret what you do; but you might regret what you don't.

Live every moment of your life as if it were your last

Satisfaction comes from your efforts at overcoming your shortcomings and adversity, and earning dignity.

Nothing lasts forever.
keep it in mind and love..!

Just because you have an opinion doesn't mean you have to express it.

Everyone has something to teach you if you will be quiet long enough to hear it.

Pay attention to your senses and you will gain wisdom, face your fears and you will gain courage, follow your curiosity and you will gain understanding, and when you leave let the things you touch be better for your having been there.

Treasure every moment; your time is the most non-renewable resource, use it to do some good and make a difference.

When you start to listen to yourself and what your body is telling you, you can then change your world and the world around you.

The difference between dream and reality is ACTION!

Don't chase money. Chase great ideas, and the money will follow as a natural byproduct of the pursuit.

“A single event can awaken within us a stranger totally unknown to us. To live is to be slowly born.” Antoine de Saint-Exupery

The only thing that is permanent or constant, is Change. So, keep challenging yourself and stepping out of your comfort zone.

Never quit learning, loving, laughing and listening!

Listen to your inner voice... it comes from your child soul.

Pain is the challenges we face, the scars from it are what we have learned and the accomplishments we have made.

Pursue your passions, make new friends everyday

You only get out of life, what you are willing to put into it.

Think about how your actions will affect
others, no matter if it is in the work place
or in your personal life.

Be kinder than necessary, for everyone you meet is fighting some kind of battle.

When you have questions or are feeling stuck, check in with your heart; it is where your guidance and inspiration lie, and living from it brings great joy!

Dance as though no one is watching,
Love as though you've never been hurt before,
sing, as though no one can hear you,
work, as though you don't need the money,
live as though heaven is on earth.

It doesn't matter what people think about you, just be yourself and never give up!

Never be afraid to become the person you know you can be.

"Come from the heart. Even if things don't turn out quite how you had hoped or expected, you will have been yourself and you will be happy."

Your attitude, not your aptitude, will determine your final altitude

"Dream as if you'll live forever, live as if you'll die today"

The mystery of life isn’t a problem to solve, but a reality to experience.

Being successful isn’t just about what you make happen for yourself, it’s about what you make happen for others.

Enjoy the journey of discovery that is life, and be a friend to all you meet along the way.

Control your emotions, keep learning from life experieces, do not hurt any one by your words or actions.

Those people in your life that you count on the most will probably betray you while those from whom you expect the least will often surprise and support you throughout your life.


Thanks to you all. Anh Tho

About YourVietbooks.com
YourVietBooks is a collection of books on Vietnam for Readers who are interested in Vietnam's History, Culture, Language, Economy, or Business. Most titles are in English, but some are only available in French or Vietnamese. We can provide interested parties an accurate translation of some parts of the books for your research purposes. Translations are done by YourVietnamExpert's qualified and experienced translators. contact@yourvietnamexpert.com

Travel to Vietnam - Northern Central Thuan Hoa - Nghe An - Thanh Hoa

Travel to Vietnam


Origianal Title in Vietnamese: Du lịch Bắc Miền Trung
Publishers: Thuận Hóa, Nghệ An, Thanh Hóa (2001)
By Authors: as per list
Huế - Thừa Thiên Province. Editors: Nguyen Quang Trung Tien, Le Hoa, Tran Duc Anh Son
Quang Tri Province. Editors : Le van Ha
Quang Binh Province. Editors: Tran Hoang
Ha Tinh Province. Editors : Mai Khac Ung
Nghe An Province. Editors : Tran Minh Sieu
Thanh Hoa Province. Editors : Tran Quoc Chan


Complementary information on wikipedia


Huế - Thừa Thiên Province


Huế (help·info) (化 in chữ Nôm) is the capital city of Thừa Thiên - Huế province, Vietnam. Between 1802 and 1945, it was the imperial capital of the Nguyễn Dynasty. It is well known for its monuments and architecture. Its population stands at about 950,000 people.^[1]


See also: Phú Xuân

History

Huế originally rose to prominence as the capital of the Nguyễn Lords, a feudal dynasty which dominated much of southern Vietnam from the 17^th to the 19^th century. In 1775 when Trịnh Sâm captured it, it was known as Phú Xuân. In 1802, Nguyễn Phúc Ánh (later Emperor Gia Long) succeeded in establishing his control over the whole of Vietnam, thereby making Huế the national capital.^[2]

Huế was the national capital until 1945, when Emperor Bảo Đại abdicated and a communist government was established in Hà Nội (Hanoi), in the north.^[3] While Bảo Đại was briefly proclaimed "Head of State" with the help of the returning French colonialists in 1949 (although not with recognition from the communists and the full acceptance of the Vietnamese people), his new capital was Sài Gòn (Saigon), in the south.^[4]

In the Vietnam War, Huế’s central position placed it very near the border between North Vietnam and South Vietnam; however, the city was located in South Vietnam. In the Tết Offensive of 1968, during the Battle of Huế, the city suffered considerable damage not only to its physical features, but its reputation as well, most of it from American firepower and bombings on the historical buildings as well as the massacre at Huế committed by the communist forces. After the war’s conclusion, many of the historic features of Huế were neglected because they were seen by the victorious regime and some other Vietnamese as "relics from the feudal regime"; the Vietnamese Communist Party doctrine officially described the Nguyễn Dynasty as "feudal" and "reactionary." There has since been a change of policy, however, and many historical areas of the city are currently being restored.

Historic monuments

Huế is well known for its historic monuments, which have earned it a place in UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites.^[6] The seat of the Nguyễn emperors was the Citadel, which occupies a large, walled area on the north side of the Perfume River. Inside the citadel was a forbidden city where only the emperors, concubines, and those close enough to them were granted access; the punishment for trespassing was death. Today, little of the forbidden city remains, though reconstruction efforts are in progress to maintain it as a historic tourist attraction.

Roughly along the Perfume River from Huế lie myriad other monuments, including the tombs of several emperors, including Minh Mạng, Khải Định, and Tự Đức. Also notable is the Thiên Mụ Pagoda, the largest pagoda in Huế and the official symbol of the city.^[7]

A number of French-style buildings lie along the south bank of the Perfume River. Among them are Quốc Học High School, the oldest high school in Vietnam, and Hai Ba Trung High School.

The Hue Museum of Royal Fine Arts on 3 Le Truc Street also maintains a collection of various artifacts from the city.

About YourVietbooks.com
YourVietBooks is a collection of books on Vietnam for Readers who are interested in Vietnam's History, Culture, Language, Economy, or Business. Most titles are in English, but some are only available in French or Vietnamese. We can provide interested parties an accurate translation of some parts of the books for your research purposes. Translations are done by YourVietnamExpert's qualified and experienced translators. contact@yourvietnamexpert.com

Travel to Vietnam - Nhatrang City and Khanh Hoa Province

Travel to Vietnam
Nhatrang City - Khanh Hoa Province


Original Title in Vietnamese: Du lịch miền Trung và Tây Nguyên - Những điều cần biết: Nha Trang Khánh Hòa
By Authors: Nguyen Gia Nung, Thia Ly, Nguyen van Thanh, Khanh Hoa Tourist Ofice
Journalists: Nguyen Hoang Ba, Khue Viet Truong, Dinh Hanh, Dang Minh Chau
Publishers: Chính Trị Quốc Gia (National Politics)


About the Book:
Published in 1998, the information contained in this book is now obsolete but the book itself shows the early efforts of the provincial and central government to gather valuable information for the visitors to Vietnam. More complete information are available under wikipedia.


Complementary from wikipedia

Geography

Nha Trang city has a metropolitan area of 251 km² and population of about 500,000 (as of 2007). It borders Ninh Hòa town by the north, Cam Ranh city by the south, Diên Khánhtown by the west and the South China Sea to the east. The city is located on the beautiful Nha Trang Bay, which was chosen by Travel and Leisure in two succeeding years as one of 29 most beautiful bays in the world. Nha Trang is surrounded on all three sides by mountains and a large island on the fourth side (in the ocean directly in front of the city's main area), blocking major storms from potentially damaging the city.

Origin of the name

According to some researches, the name Nha Trang derives from a false Vietnamese spelling of a geographical name in the Cham language of the site Ya Trang (lit. Reed River), the name of the now Cai River as referred to by the Cham people. From the name of this river, the name was adopted to call what is now Nha Trang, which was officially made Vietnam's territory in 1653.

As far as the recorded naming of Nha Trang is concerned, in Toàn tập Thiên Nam Tứ Chí Lộ Đồ Thư, a geographical book written by a Vietnamese scholar with the family of Đỗ Bá in the second half of the 18th century, the name Nha Trang Môn ("Nha Trang gate") was mentioned.^[4]In another map dating to the 17th century, known as Giáp Ngọ Niên Bình Nam Đồ by a noble called Đoan Quận công Bùi Thế Đạt, the name Nha Trang Hải môn (Nha Trang Sea Gate) was also cited.^[4] In Vietnamese recorded historic bibliographies, these books are perhaps the earliest ones that mentioned this place name.

In a work by Lê Quý Đôn called Phủ biên tạp lục (1776), many Nha Trang-related names were also mentioned, such as đầm Nha Trang, dinh Nha Trang, nguồn Nha Trang, and đèo Nha Trang.

Education

Nha Trang is home to a multidisciplinary university, Nha Trang University (formerly Nha Trang Fishery University); Naval Academy; Air Force Academy; Normal (Teacher's) College; Kindergarten Teacher's Training College; and Arts and Tourism College. The city is home to the many high schools. Nha Trang Oceanography Institute, the unique institute of oceanography in Vietnam, Nha Trang Pasteur Institute one of the famous Pasteur Institutes in Vietnam are located in Nha Trang.

Economy

Nha Trang's economy relies largely on tourism. In the suburban areas around the city, the shipbuilding industry has developed and contributed significantly to the city's economy. Fishery and services are also important to the city. Khanh Hoa Province in general and Nha Trang is particular are among the largest contributors to Vietnam's annual budget revenues. Lobster farming on the sea is an important industry for the people living in suburb areas of the city. To the south of the city, by Cam Ranh Bay, several industrial parks are under construction and have been partly available for investors. Once the construction of the deep-water port on Van Phong Bay has been completed, this area will become the third important economic zone in the province (besides Nha Trang and Cam Ranh).

Tourist attractions

• Alexandre Yersin Museum
• Boat tour on Cai River, visiting islands off the coast and Ba Ho Waterfall.
• Palace of Emperor Bảo Đại
• Thap Ba Hot Spring (Lady Tower hot spring)
• Nha Phu Lagoon
• Hoa Lan Stream (Orchid Flower tream)
• Monkey Island
• Sạn Beach
• Nha Trang Booze Cruise (All you can Drink Party Boat)
• Hòn Tằm Island (Silkworm island)
• Hòn Mun Island (Ebony island)
• Hòn Con Sẻ Tre Island (Bamboo Sparraw island)
• Hòn Ông Island
• Đảo Yến Island (Swiftlet island)
• Hòn Tre Island (Bamboo island)
• Suối Đổ Stream
• Suối Tiên Stream (Fairy stream)
• Hòn Bà Mountain
• Cai River Minigolf & Restaurant & Marina
• Yangbay Waterfall
• Tháp Bà Pô Nagar Nha Trang (a Champa Tower)
• Chùa Long Sơn (Long Son Pagoda- literral: The Dragon Mountain pagoda or White Buddha Pagoda)
• Nha Trang Oceanography Institute, the largest of its kind in Indochina where thousands of oceanic life samples, exhibits are on display. It is also home to the largest oceanic library in Vietnam.
• Chánh Tọa Church (or Mountain Church)
• Nha Trang Pasteur Institute
• Trí Nguyên Aquarium (an aquarium where hundreds of rare oceanic species are fed)
• Vinpearl Cable Car

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Nha Trang

• Official website of the provincial government
• Official news agency of the province
• Nha Trang travel guide from Wikitravel
• Comprehensive information and travel guide to Nha Trang

About YourVietbooks.com
YourVietBooks is a collection of books on Vietnam for Readers who are interested in Vietnam's History, Culture, Language, Economy, or Business. Most titles are in English, but some are only available in French or Vietnamese. We can provide interested parties an accurate translation of some parts of the books for your research purposes. Translations are done by YourVietnamExpert's qualified and experienced translators. contact@yourvietnamexpert.com

French ethnologist on Vietnam Central Highlands Georges Condominas dies

Original Title in English : Highlands' ethnologist dies
Source: VietNamNet/Viet Nam News

VietNamNet Bridge – French ethnologist Georges Condominas, who spent his whole life researching the ethnic people of the Central Highlands, died on Sunday in Paris following a heart attack.

He was known worldwide for his book 'Nous avons mange la foret de la pierre-genie Goo' -(We Have Eaten the Forest of the Stone Genie Goo), published in 1957. The book was a culmination of his research on the ethnic Mo Nong Gar in Sar Luk Village in the Central Highlands province of Dac Lac.

From this experience, he also wrote 'L'exotique est quotidien' (The Exotic is Part of our Daily Experience) in 1965, but it has yet to be translated into English.

About the Author

Condominas was born in 1921 in the northern city of Hai Phong to a French father and a Vietnamese-Portuguese mother.

Educated in France, he returned to Viet Nam in 1940 to study the little-known ethnic group in Sar Luk Village.

He asked for the villagers' permission to build a house and became a real villager who participated in every community activity.

He was given the moniker, Yoo, and learnt to speak the Mo Nong Gar language so well that he dreamt in their language instead of French.

His objects, films and notes collected during the time he stayed with the Mo Nong Gar were displayed at an exhibition We Have Eaten the Forest at the Viet Nam Museum of Ethnology and Quai Branly Museum in France in 2007. On the occasion, he received the Viet Nam Friendship Medal for his contribution to Vietnamese ethnic culture.

"Condominas made the Mo Nong Gar people from a small village in Viet Nam known to the world," said writer Nguyen Ngoc, a close friend of Condominas, "he proved that no culture is greater than others."

French translation by Anh Tho Andres @YourVietnamExpert.com
Vietnamese translation by Cuong Phan, Kim Hoang, Bich Hong, Bao Han
German translation by Han Dang-Klein
Italian translation by Phan Cong Danh
Japanese translation by Hong Anh


About YourVietbooks.com
YourVietBooks is a collection of books on Vietnam for Readers who are interested in Vietnam's History, Culture, Language, Economy, or Business. Most titles are in English, but some are only available in French or Vietnamese. We can provide interested parties an accurate translation of some parts of the books for your research purposes. Translations are done by YourVietnamExpert's qualified and experienced translators. contact@yourvietnamexpert.com